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GHK-Cu

A peptide that carries copper into your cells and flips on the repair genes for skin, hair, and connective tissue. Your body makes it, but levels crash about 90% by age 60.

Research referenceCommunity compiled

Molecular profile

The molecule itself: sequence, composition, mass, target, and registry identifiers.

Amino acid sequence

GHK
Gly–His–Lys
3 residues
Molecular formula
C₁₄H₂₂CuN₆O₄
Average mass
401.9 Da
CAS number
89030-95-5
Class
Copper tripeptide complex
Registry
PubChem CID 165429100
Receptor / pathway
Copper transportno receptorCollagen synthesis

What the sequence says

GHK has no receptor. It works by carrying copper into tissue, where the copper drives collagen and glycosaminoglycan synthesis — which is why the Cu is not a label detail.

Formula and mass for the copper complex from PubChem CID 165429100.
Research & reference information

This profile compiles research and community-sourced reference information for educational purposes. Information may evolve as research and community knowledge develop. It is not individualized medical advice.

Overview

GHK-Cu is a naturally occurring human tripeptide (glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine) with a high affinity for copper ions, widely regarded as a master regenerative peptide.

What problem it targets: It targets skin aging, fine lines and wrinkles, scar tissue formation, loss of skin elasticity, thinning hair, slow wound healing, and chronic systemic inflammation.

What It Does

• Resets gene expression to a youthful state: Modulates over 4,000 human genes, upregulating collagen, elastin, and proteoglycan production while downregulating pro-inflammatory markers.

• Rebuilds extracellular skin matrix: Stimulates fibroblasts to produce new collagen and elastin, restoring skin firmness, smoothing deep wrinkles, and improving barrier health.

• Accelerates wound healing and breaks down scars: Activates matrix metalloproteinases to systematically dismantle irregular scar tissue while building uniform, healthy tissue.

• Realistic expectations: Injected subcutaneously or applied topically as a serum. Enhances skin luminosity and skin hydration within 2 to 4 weeks; structural remodeling of scars and skin elasticity matures over 8 to 12 weeks.

Reconstitution

Vial SizeBAC Water / SolventConcentration
50 mg+ 5 mL10 mg/mL
100 mg+ 10 mL10 mg/mL
Interactive tool

Reconstitution Calculator

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Optional conversion

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Mathematical reference only. The calculator does not determine an appropriate target amount. Syringe capacity only changes the maximum volume that fits.

Protocol

PhaseFrequencyAmountNotes
Week 1Daily1 mgLoading. Establish tolerance; watch for injection-site sting or redness.
Week 2Daily1.5 mgRamp. Smooth step-up from loading dose.
Weeks 3–8Daily2 mgWorking dose. Full effect builds over the next 4–6 weeks.
Aggressive1–2× daily AM3–4 mgBump here ONLY if: (1) you’ve completed at least 2 weeks at 2 mg with zero injection-site sting, headache, or histamine flare, 6+ weeks at 2 mg. Start at 3 mg (e.g., 2 mg AM + 1 mg PM to leverage GHK-Cu’s short half-life). Push to 4 mg only if 3 mg is producing visible results and you want to test further, PeptideDeck and SeekPeptides note no published benefit above 3 mg/day; cost roughly doubles.
Off4 weeks–Mandatory copper-accumulation washout. Do not skip, especially after an Aggressive phase.
Cycle & Timing

8 weeks on / 4 weeks off. Stays within copper-accumulation limits while giving 6 weeks at working dose.

Timing

Daily SubQ anytime, or topical twice daily.

Evidence Context

human data is topical/skin; no systemic-injection dosing trial.

Population Considerations

Unisex, same protocol for men and women. Copper peptides add copper, so with long or high use watch the copper:zinc balance (extra copper can push zinc down).

Handling & Stacking

Injection site
SubQ adjacent to target. Systemic: abdomen or thigh.
Storage
  • Freeze-dried: -4°F.
  • Reconstituted: 36–46°F, protect from light.
  • Best used within about 2–4 weeks, kept cold and dark (structure-based estimate, no published data); copper oxidizes with no visible colour change, so use it sooner rather than later.
  • Use an amber vial or foil wrap.
Side effects
Rare injection-site irritation. Copper dysregulation with very extended continuous use.
What to expect
  • Skin quality improvement at 6–8 weeks.
  • Hair growth improvement at 8–12 weeks.
  • Localised tissue improvement adjacent to injection sites.
  • Supply math 50mg → 3 vials | 100mg → 2 vials (8-wk @ 2 mg × 7/wk).
  • Use 50 mg vials at the 2 mg working dose, reconstituted shelf life is ~28 days; the 100 mg vial only depletes inside that window at the Aggressive 3–4 mg/day phase.
Pairs well with
BPC-157 (tissue repair stack); TB-500 (collagen synthesis); CJC-1295 No DAC + Ipamorelin (GH environment for skin); Tesamorelin (GHRH adjunct)
Avoid
High-dose vitamin C same session (copper oxidation). Extended continuous use (mandatory 30-day off). GLOW / KLOW Blend (already contains GHK- Cu, would double-dose copper)
Approved drug
Tretinoin (Renova) is FDA-approved for fine wrinkles and Botox for frown lines, both far better evidenced than cosmetic peptides.

Safety & Patient Education

Contraindications
Wilson’s disease, copper dysregulation, copper allergy
Warnings
Extended continuous use can cause copper accumulation; the document’s mandatory 30-day off period is critical
Drug interactions
High-dose vitamin C (oral or IV): theoretical copper-ascorbate redox, separate timing Copper chelators (penicillamine, trientine, tetrathiomolybdate): directly antagonistic High-dose zinc (>50 mg/day chronic): reduces copper absorption, long-term combo blunts effect High-dose iron: competes with copper for transport, reduces uptake Topical retinoids / AHAs: irritation if same area, separate sessions
Labs
  • Compound-specific: hsCRP (baseline + end) Serum copper and ceruloplasmin if cycles are extended Out of range?
  • Rising serum copper / ceruloplasmin = copper is accumulating → pause and re-dose lower.
Stop criteria
Skin discoloration, neurological symptoms (copper toxicity)
References
seekpeptides · researchdosing · peptidedosages · PubMed